ArduCopter doesn't lift off the ground during automatic takeoff

I am running my ArduCopter without any form of remote control.  Today, I attached the props for the first time and tried to takeoff using a "TAKEOFF" waypoint in auto mode.

The motors spun enough to almost lift the copter off the ground, but not quite enough.  It wobbled a tiny bit as it struggled to get off of the ground, but never actually lifted off.

Any ideas on how to fix this?

As a sidenote, I never did get a chance to calibrate my ESCs.  Could this be related?  From the wiki, I seemed to gather the calibration is typically for use with your RC system, to get used to the throttle and such.  If I'm not using RC, is there any reason (or even way) to calibrate my ESCs?

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You have no radio control at all? ... Its really not a good idea to fly it without!! This would be the fastest way to lose your quad and APM. Your lucky it didn't take off.

Wait until you have one. Then you will be able to fly in stabilise and then use a switch on the TX for auto and all other modes.

No, I don't.  Not at the moment, at least.  I will in the future.

My current goal is just to get the ArduCopter to lift off of the ground a few meters, hover for a few seconds, and then land again.  This is an engineering project for school that requires that I complete this task over the course of this week.

Do you happen to know of any reason why it wouldn't actually lift off the ground in auto mode though?

I fly traditional Heli code, not quads, it may be that it has a fail safe set so that if it loses Radio Link then it will try and land. Your best bet is to ask one of the quad guys here.

I believe that I've narrowed it down to a PID issue, because I'm using a non-standard frame.  I've read through the wiki page, but I'm still not entirely sure which PID value I need to fix for it to affect AUTO mode.  Would the throttle PIDs affect AUTO mode, even though I'm not using a remote control?

props too small, quad too heavy?

I doubt it.  I'm using the standard 10" props with the purple motors (the ones sold by DIYDrones, I can look them up if you want) and my frame is about 1.3kg.

Currently, I have increased Altitude Hold P to 0.8 and Throttle Rate to 0.5.  Now, the front of my quad appears to lift off of the ground, but the back does not.  Any suggestions on this?

++1 about not flying without radio control.  That is a BAD idea.

Unless you are lucky, the quad won't fly properly without tweaking.  This requires you to manually fly it, unless you want your quad in many pieces.  BTW, the ESC's need to be calibrated so the motor speeds all track.

Also, Auto has a failsafe that requires the quad to be Armed and Throttle lifted before it will run the mission.  This requires RC unless you are fudging something - not a good idea from the safety angle.

Those 10" props are like razors and will act just like meat slicers if the quad goes out of control and hits someone :-(

another vote for getting a RC system.

if something happens you need human intervention...  forget about losing the quad or APM. those props can do ALOT of damage to a person.

I know of people that have had major lacerations to the hand from motors smaller then the ones we use for quads.

if you insist on flying without a controller, at least have the quad tethered so it can't take off and hurt someone.

Is it possible to take off without giving a throtle command from radio or from something else like joystick? As far as I know in auto take off throttle is manual. 

While it is possible to control it without RC, it is NOT possible to setup ESCs without it!!!

And while it MAY fly, it is NOT safe to have no RC in hand, because something will go wrong eventually

Get a RC remote, borrow one if needed, but stop before you hurt yourself or destroy your quad!

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