Arducopter frame design: Where to learn/read?

I'm scratch-building a new Octocopter, in the style of the Hashcopter, using square aluminum tube, and eight motors ganged as pairs with (Quad) Arducopter software.

 

Where is a good place to learn the factors and trade-offs in Quadcopter frame design?  How long should the arms be, and what are the pros/cons of different lengths?

 

Should the craft be as tight/small as possible (props near, spaced evenly), or is there a benefit to having the motors out further from center?

 

Any tips for optimizing arm length?

 

Thanks!

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