Visual Localization System can be used to solve an outdoor localization
problem. The camera is mounted under the belly of an unmanned aerial
vehicle (UAV). The camera is used to search for visual landmarks on the
ground (a terrain matching based navigation)
Visual Localization System
Comments
SR-71 used AIS - Astro-Inertial Navigation system..pre gps
It even mentions celestial navigation and it's relatively shortlived deployment.