I had recentlybought a dji naza m lite flight controller.I had made the all setups and connections but while arm the drone it only spins 2 motors in front and not spin the back motors.
I didn’t know why is Incident happen.
I had recentlybought a dji naza m lite flight controller.I had made the all setups and connections but while arm the drone it only spins 2 motors in front and not spin the back motors.
I didn’t know why is Incident happen.
https://www.theverge.com/2023/8/10/23827260/skydio-pivot-enterprise-x2
Another one bows to the Chinese juggernaut, so you can't blame open sourcing the autopilot this time.
Reviewers found DJI's obstacle avoidance to be inferior but cheaper. The big features in the last 10 years were tracking & obstacle avoidance, yet to this day no-one outside China really knows how machine vision trackers differentiate a person in a crowd. There's some evidence they might use chroma keying on top of a simple person detector. Person detectors are pretty germane nowadays. You can train efficientdet to detect just humans. Chroma keying is still subject to the vagaries of white balance & lighting. A head recognizer would be a game changer. There's no known head tracker which can recognize a head from all angles. There are only face trackers which only work from in front.
Had decent results with a semi autonomous person detector on a jetson nano but no chroma keying & no obstacle avoidance. For closeup shots in crowd, semi autonomous driving might be here for a long time.
I am a new member to this community, thank you for having me!
--
I need your help. Help from people that work closely with Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV) - operators, mission designers, maintenance etc.
Your input will be the backbone of my research. I am a grad student pursuing an MBA. My research is intended to discover what AUV end-users most value in their AUV capability set. We'll call these "value drivers".
I've classified these "value drivers" as:
- Battery Endurance
- Optimal AUV Speed
- AUV Price-tags
- Data Transfer Capabilities
- AUV Range
and some others.
But first, I must find people that are involved with the technology and knowledgeable on the industry. If this is you, please consider responding to this post!
If you will have a conversation with me, via email, phone or video-call, please say so on this post, message me privately with contact info (or we can do it through PMs) or email me at "U1444149@umail.utah.edu"
Again, thank you so much! Thanks in advance everyone. It can be difficult to source primary users in any research. You will be helping me out quite a bit.
I'll be happy to share the fruits of this labor with everyone.
- Scott
TFmini-i and TF02-i can be interfaced with PixHawk1 CAN port or any flight controller which has Ardupilot firmware flashed and having CAN interface. Support for CAN protocol has been added to Ardupilot firmwares, starting from Copter 4.2.0 for the purpose of obstacle avoidance and Altitude Hold.
1. TFmini-iandTF02-i Settings:
It should be noted that TF02-i and TFmini-i have two different hardware versions for 485 and CAN. So when buying LiDAR, please pay attention to buy LiDAR with CAN interface. Multiple LiDARs can be interfaced to a single CAN bus. We need to assign different CAN IDs to each LiDAR just like we do for IIC communication. The baud-rate of each LiDAR needs to be set to the same value. On LiDAR side we have two types of CAN IDs:
Send ID: it becomes Receive ID on CAN bus side (we need to set this ID to a new value ifwe
are connecting multiple LiDARs.)
Receive ID: it becomes Send ID on CAN bus side
I will consider three LiDARs example but Ardupilot supports up to 10 sensors. The commands are mentioned in details in the manual of LiDAR but I will add them here for convenience. It is still advised to read the manual of LiDAR carefully there are important points.
5A 0E 51 00 08 03 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 C8 [CHANGE SEND ID TO 04]
5A 0E 51 00 08 03 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 C9 [CHANGE SEND ID TO 05]
5A 0E 51 00 08 03 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 CA [CHANGE SEND ID TO 06]
5A 04 11 6F [SAVE SETTINGS]
5A 05 60 01 C0 [Enable 120Ω Terminating Resistor]
5A 05 60 00 BF [Disable (Default) 120Ω Terminating Resistor]
5A 0E 51 00 08 03 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 C7 [CHANGE RECEIVING ID BACK TO 03]
Some details about terminating resistor on LiDAR: Although resistor on LiDAR is disabled by default and LiDAR works without enabling resistor but adding resistor helps in reducing equivalent resistance of transmission wires, because adding more resistors in parallel will reduce the equivalent resistance. So in case you are experiencing any kind problem with data stability then you could enable resistors on LiDARs by sending command I added above. I have tested with total five LiDARs (two with resistors enabled and three without enabling resistors and I was able to get stable data).
For sending the above commands, you will either need CAN analyzer or TTL-USB board (because UART interface of TF02-i/TFmini-i can be used to configure its parameters).
Once you are done with above settings then it’s time to move to physical connection and Ardupilot firmware settings.
We take three TFmini-i or TF02-i CAN as an example in this passage and set the addresses to 0x03 and 0x04 and 0x05 separately. The default sending ID of LiDAR is 0x03 so leave it for one LiDAR and configure for other two LiDARs to 0x04 and 0x05.
2. PixHawkConnection:
The following two diagrams show how to interface TFmini-i and TF02-i CAN with PixHawk flight controller. The wiring details of TFmini-i and TF02-i CAN is the same.
Figure 1: Schematic Diagram of Connecting TFmini-i CAN to CAN Interface ofPixHawk1
Note:
1. Pleasepayattention to connect right wire to the right pin of flight controller. Look at the pinout of controller, pin configurations are starting from left to right:
Figure 2: Pin details of CAN Interface ofPixHawk1
Figure 3: Schematic Diagram of Connecting TF02-i CAN to CAN Interface ofPixHawk1
3. Parameterssettings:
Common settings for obstacle avoidance :
AVOID_ENABLE= 3 [if 3 = UseFence and UseProximitySensor doesn’t work in IIC then choose 2 = UseProximitySensor]
AVOID_MARGIN=4
PRX_TYPE=4
Settings for CAN-1 port:
CAN_P1_DRIVER = 1
CAN_D1_PROTOCOL = 11
CAN_P1_BITRATE = [Baud-rate: For TFmini-i and TF02-i it is 250000, and for TF03 the default baud-rate needs to be set to 1000000.]
In case of pixhawk1 we only have one CAN interface but if there are more than one interfaces then configure the parameters for CAN-2 interface.
Settings for CAN-2 port:
CAN_P2_DRIVER = 1
CAN_D2_PROTOCOL = 11
CAN_P2_BITRATE = [Baud-rate: For TFmini-i and TF02-i it is 250000, and for TF03 the default baud-rate needs to be set to 1000000.]
Settings for first TFmini-i or TF02-i:
RNGFND1_RECV_ID = 3 [CAN Transmit ID of #1 TFmini-i or TF02-i in decimal]
RNGFND1_GNDCLEAR=15 [Unit: cm, depending upon mounting height of the module and should be larger LiDAR than non-detection zone. This parameter is required to be configured for altitude hold, it is the installation height of LiDAR from ground.]
RNGFND1_MAX_CM = 400 [It could be changed according to real demands but should be smaller than effective measure range of LiDAR, unit is cm]
RNGFND1_MIN_CM=30 [It could be changed according to real demands and should be larger than LiDAR non-detection zone, unit is cm]
RNGFND1_ORIENT=0 [#1 TFmini-i real orientation]
RNGFND1_TYPE = 34 [TFmini-i CAN same as TF02-i and TF03-CAN]
Settings for second TFmini-i or TF02-i:
RNGFND2_RECV_ID = 4 [CAN Transmit ID of #2 TFmini-i or TF02-i in decimal]
RNGFND2_MAX_CM=400
RNGFND2_MIN_CM=30
RNGFND2_ORIENT = 6 [#2 TFmini-i real orientation]
RNGFND2_TYPE = 34 [TFmini-i CAN same as TF02-i and TF03-CAN]
Settings for third TFmini-i or TF02-i:
RNGFND3_RECV_ID = 5 [CAN Transmit ID of #3 TFmini-i or TF02-i in decimal]
RNGFND3_MAX_CM=400
RNGFND3_MIN_CM=30
RNGFND3_ORIENT = 4 [#3 TFmini-i real orientation]
RNGFND3_TYPE = 34 [TFmini-i CAN same as TF02-i and TF03-CAN]
Upon setting of these parameters, click [Write Params] on the right of the software to finish.
If the error message “Bad LiDAR Health” appears, please check if the connection is correct and the power supply is normal. Please turn-off completely the flight controller after configuring the parameters, otherwise changes will not take place. If your battery is connected to your flight controller, please disconnect it as well.
How to see the target distance from the LiDAR: press Ctrl+F button in keyboard, the following window will pop out:
Click button Proximity, the following window will appear:
The number in green color means the distance from LiDAR in obstacle avoidance mode the number refreshes when the distance changes or window opens, closes, zooms in or zooms out, and this distance will not be influenced in Mission Planner, the version used at the time writing this tutorial is v1.3.72.
Altitude Hold using CAN Interface:
Let say we use fourth LiDAR for the purpose of Altitude Hold. Connect the flight control board to mission planar, Select [Full Parameter List] in the left from the below bar-[CONFIG/TUNING]. Find and modify the following parameters:
PRX_TYPE = 0 [on equal to 4 also gives the value ifRNGFND4_ORIENT = 25]
RNGFND4_RECV_ID = 6 [CAN Transmit ID of #4 TFmini-i or TF02-i in decimal]
RNGFND4_GNDCLEAR = 15 [Unit: cm, depending upon mounting height of the module and should be larger LiDAR than non-detection zone. This parameter is required for Altitude Hold.]
RNGFND4_MAX_CM = 400 [It could be changed according to real demands but should be smaller than effective measure range of LiDAR, unit is cm]
RNGFND4_MIN_CM = 30 [It could be changed according to real scenario and should be larger than LiDAR non-detection zone, unit is cm]
RNGFND4_ORIENT = 25 [#4 TFmini-i real orientation]
RNGFND4_TYPE = 34 [TFmini-i CAN same as TF02-i and TF03-CAN]
Upon setting of these parameters, click [Write Params] on the right of the software to finish.
If the error message “Bad LiDAR Health” appears, please check if the connection is correct and the power supply is normal.
Select option sonarrange, see following picture:
The altitude distance from the LiDAR will be displayed in Sonar Range (meters), see the following
picture:
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I have observed many many times during conventional menthod of current calibration of the 3DR Power module using arming the copter and motors that the current displayed by the power anlyzer is not stable and fluctuating by 1-2Amps or even higher. And calibration done via this old conventional is not proper and current reported in mission planner while the copter is in air, is in error by 1-2amps and that makes lot of error.
Initially I thaught of using two 100Watt 1Ohm resistors in parallel and energizing them via 30Amp brushed motor ESC connected to the output of the 3DR Power module (power tapped from same points where 4 ESC's are soldered. To control the brushed 30Amp ESC, I used standalone cheap servo tester. I mounted the two 100W 1Ohm wirewound resistors which were already in aluminium heat sinkable cases, on an additional large aluminium heat sink with a fan. I set the servotester knob to display 10Amps of current in the Turnigy Power Analyzer, but very soon the current dropped around an ampere lower. I again adjusted for 10 Amps and same thing again observed. Reason for this was the ohmic value of the resistor depend on the temperature and on increasing temperature the net resistance was increasing and hence the current drawn was decreasing. I then rejected this method and thought something else.
I then thought of using car head light halogen 100W lamp in place of two wirewound resistors, this was rather simpler and required no heat sink and the current drawn value whatever I set to was almost very stable. Rest you can watch the video.
TF-Luna can directly be connected with the serial port of Pixhawk. TF-Luna can be used in flight device
for the purpose of altitude holding or obstacle avoidance. This document is suitable to Pixhawk adopts ArduCopter V4.0.0 or higher firmware.
Example for connecting Pixhawk:
Figure 1 Schematic Diagram of Connecting TF-Luna with TELEM 2 Interface (Serial Port 2) of Pixhawk
a)MissionPlanner configuration description of TF-Luna for the purpose of altitude hold
Connect the flight control board to MP.Attention:the installation height should be bigger than non-detection zone.Select [Full Parameter List] in the left from the below bar- [CONFIG/TUNING] . Find and modify the following parameters:
SERIAL2_PROTOCOL = 9 [Rangefinder option]
SERIAL2_BAUD = 115 [Choose the current LiDAR baud rate,if haven’t been changed,the default baud rate 115200 should be selected,that is 115]
RNGFND_TYPE = 20 [Same option with TFmini]
RNGFND_MIN_CM = 20 [It could be changed according to real demands and should be bigger LiDAR than non-detection zone,unit is cm]
RNGFND_MAX_CM = 200 [It could be changed according to real demands but should be smaller than
effective measure range of LiDAR,unit is cm]
RNGFND_GNDCLEAR = 15 [expressed in cm, depending upon mounting height of the module and
should be bigger LiDAR than non-detection zone]
RNGFND_ORIENT=25 [face down]
PRX_TYPE=0
Upon setting of these parameters, click [Write Params] on the right of the software to finish.
If the error message “Bad Lidar Health” appears, please check if the connection is correct and the power supply is normal, then restart Pixhawk.
How to see the altitude value from LiDAR sensor: double click the area of the Mission Planner, see the following picture:
Select option sonarrange,see following picture:
The altitude distance from the LiDAR will be displayed in Sonar Range(meters),see the following picture:
b) MissionPlannerconfiguration description of TF-Luna for the purpose of Obstacle Avoidance
It’s only recommended to be used in Loiter mode, the detail setting is as followings:
Connect the flight control board to MP. Attention:distance between UAV margin and LiDAR should be bigger than LiDAR non-detection zone. Select [Full Parameter List] in the left from the below bar- [CONFIG/TUNING] . Find and modify the following parameters:
AVOID_MARGIN=3 [Unit: m, set obstacle avoidance distance as required]
SERIAL2_PROTOCOL = 9 [Rangefinder option]
SERIAL2_BAUD = 115 [Choose the current LiDAR baud rate,if haven’t been changed,the default baud rate 115200 should be selected,that is 115]
RNGFND_TYPE = 20 [Same option with TFmini]
RNGFND_MIN_CM = 20 [It could be changed according to real demands and should be bigger LiDAR
than non-detection zone,unit is cm]
RNGFND_MAX_CM = 200 [It could be changed according to real demands but should be smaller than effective measure range of LiDAR,unit is cm]
RNGFND_GNDCLEAR = 15 [Unit: cm, depending upon mounting height of the module and should be bigger LiDAR than non-detection zone]
RNGFND_ORIENT=0 [It depends on the LiDAR’s real installation direction,0~7 is supported up to
now,see detail in MP]
PRX_TYPE=4 [RangeFinder should be selected for proximity sensor in obstacle avoidance mode]
Upon setting of these parameters, click [Write Params] on the right of the software to finish.
If the error message “Bad Lidar Health” appears, please check if the connection is correct and the power supply is normal, then restart Pixhawk.
How to see the target distance from the LiDAR:(distance from LiDAR in obstacle avoidance can’t be displayed in sonarrange option )press Ctrl+F button in keyboard,the following window will pop out:
Click button Proximity,the following window will appear:
The number in green color means the distance from LiDAR in obstcle avoidance mode (the number only refresh when this window open,close,zoom in or zoom out,it doesn’t mean the real time distance from LiDAR and will not be influenced in Mission Planner version under v1.3.48,the problem could be solved by updating Mission Planner)
Attach:If TELEM 2 port has been used ,SERIAL4/5 interface could be used,the other setting are same
Figure 2 Schematic Diagram of Connecting TF-Luna with SERIAL4/5 Interface (Serial Port 4/5) of Pixhawk
Configuration Descriptions of Mission Planner
Connect flight control board to MP, Select [Full Parameter List] in the left from the below bar [CONFIG/TUNING] . Find and modify following parameters:
SERIAL4_PROTOCOL = 9 (LiDAR)
SERIAL4_BAUD = 115
Upon setting of these parameters, the other parameters should be same as Mission Planner configuration description of TF-Luna for the purpose of Obstacle Avoidance or Altitude Holding,then click [Write Params] on the right of the software to finish.
In the modern drone ecosystem, BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line of Sight) operations represent the next frontier of possibilities. These operations allow drones to travel distances beyond the operator's direct vision, unlocking potential in industries like agriculture, logistics, surveillance, and more. However, automating BVLOS operations requires not just advanced drones but also sophisticated management platforms. This is where FlytBase and DJI's FlightHub 2 come into play, especially with their compatibility with the DJI dock.
The DJI dock integration is a game-changer, enabling automated drone charging, data transfer, and mission planning. With both FlytBase and FlightHub 2 offering compatibility with this dock, enterprises are presented with a pivotal decision: Which platform will best optimize their BVLOS operations?
This article aims to demystify this choice. We'll delve deep into both platforms, comparing their features, and drawing insights from genuine user feedback, all with a focus on maximizing the benefits of DJI dock integration.
FlytBase emerged as a leading enterprise drone autonomy software, tailored to automate and optimize drone operations. Its compatibility with the DJI dock underscores its commitment to facilitating seamless BVLOS operations.
For detailed pricing information reach out here: https://www.flytbase.com/contact
DJI's FlightHub 2 is not just another drone management solution. It's a comprehensive cloud-based platform designed to provide real-time insights for drone missions. Its compatibility with the DJI dock makes it a formidable choice for enterprises aiming for streamlined BVLOS operations.
Let's delve into the primary areas where FlytBase and FlightHub 2 diverge.
BVLOS Operations and Integration:
User Experience and Interface:
Data Security and Compliance:
Operational Features and DJI Dock Compatibility:
By understanding these key differentiators, enterprises can make an informed decision based on their specific needs and operational priorities.
Every decision in the realm of drone operations should be rooted in your enterprise's specific requirements and objectives. It's crucial to align your choice with your operational needs and future goals.
FlytBase distinctly shines with its BVLOS-ready capabilities and its open integration approach. Its emphasis on regulatory approvals and flexibility in third-party integrations makes it a top choice for enterprises that value adaptability and a hands-on approach to drone operations. Moreover, its robust data security measures ensure that enterprises can operate with peace of mind.
FlightHub 2, on the other hand, excels in providing real-time situational awareness and a comprehensive suite of built-in features. It's tailored for those who prioritize in-depth insights and a holistic view of their drone missions.
While both platforms offer commendable features and DJI dock compatibility, FlytBase might have a slight edge for those who prioritize flexibility and BVLOS operations. However, if you're looking to explore further, there might be other platforms in the market that cater to niche drone operational needs.
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To prolong the lifespan of your drone, regular maintenance ensures that the device performs at its best in future operations with fewer malfunctions and improved efficiency. Here are some maintenance methods divided into two situations:
1. Cleaning After Operation
The equipment needs to be cleaned after using corrosive liquids such as pesticides. You can follow the cleaning steps:
①Fill the tank with soapy water or the laundry powder. Start spraying to clean pesticide residues in the spraying system.
②Fill the tank with clean water and start spraying to wash off residual soapy water or the laundry powder in the spraying system. Place the empty tank in the aircraft and start spraying until all pipes are drained, avoiding damage to other devices during transportation or storage.
③Wipe the surface of the aircraft to remove potion stains and mud. Empty the tank and drain the pipes if the aircraft needs to be transferred or will not be used for an extended period.
2. Regular Maintenance
The regular maintenance should check and repair body structure, power system, spraying system, and power system timely.
①Drone frame: Check if any screw on the frame is loosening or missing, the components including landing gears, fuselage, arms, motors and antennas are in good condition, the connectors of each component are firmly in position, whether they have oxidized, and if the battery plug is deformed, check if the frame and components are breakages and cracks.
②Propulsion System: Check if the propellers, motors and ESCs are cracked or deformed, if any fixing screw is loosening or missing.
③Spray System: Check the wear of pump and tank, and check if the pump connectors have come loose or oxidized, etc.
④Power System: Before and after the use of the power device, you should check and clean each component including the battery plug and socket, ensuring that the power socket remains clean, dry and free of foreign objects.
Here I will introduce how to upgrade the EPS200's turntable.
As the new turntable is embedded with metal sowing blades, thickened and reinforced, which is more wear-resistant and not easy to deform, prolonging the service life.
Step1: Loosen the bottom knob, and take out the old turntable.
Step 2:Place the new turntable and align it with the screw hole positions, tighten the knob, then the turntable is upgraded successfully.
EPS200Pro also deeply optimized steering gear, control module and cables, making the spreader more stable and better performance. The modular design makes all parts can be replaced separately and conveniently. Follow EFT to get the latest product trends and preferential information.
My Holybro 500 v2 is equipped with a Luxonis OAK-D-Lite camera (depthAI) and a RPi4. A python artificial intelligence (AI) code on the RPi4 detects objects (f.i. persons) using mobilenet ssd. The area of the enclosing object rectangle estimates the distance of the object, while the center determines the yaw of the drone. 2 PID controllers determine the forward speed and yaw of the drone. Once the track switch is on, the drone is controlled in guided mode by the custom python code. This algorithm yields a satisfactory tracking behavior as shown in the video.
The stirring function of spreader can make blocky or sticky particles more uniform, and spreading operation smoother. Take EFT's spreader as an example to introduce how to quickly upgrade EPS200's stir bar to stir plate.
Step: Disassemble the spreader from the tank, remove the top screw, take out the stir bar, install the new stirring plate, then tighten the screw, the stirring bar is upgraded successfully.
As you can see, the umbrella-shaped metal stirring plate increased the force area and stir with greater power, which makes sowing smooth and non-blocking.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of drone operations, one of the most significant challenges is navigating beyond the line of sight (BVLOS). Operating BVLOS opens up endless possibilities for industries, but it also brings a host of crucial considerations to the forefront. Flight safety and risk mitigation take utmost importance among these considerations, as the safety of people, property, and the uncrewed aircraft itself is paramount.
Currently, most BVLOS operations require the presence of a vigilant visual observer (VO) who diligently scans the skies for potential obstacles and hazards. If they come across one, they must immediately notify the remote pilot in command to abort the drone's current mission. Therefore, it goes without saying how dangerous any form of communication lapse can be.
The Role of Visual Observers in BVLOS Flights
Before delving into the specifics of the various types and Detect and Avoid (DAA) technologies available, we must first understand the role of visual observers and why they are required. For example, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in the United States specifies the operational requirements that must be met before flying unmanned aircraft systems. There is a requirement for a visual observer to perform the following roles for all drone operations that do not have a Part 107.33 waiver.
However, this human-centric approach can be both resource-intensive and limited in terms of continuous monitoring. There could be objects in the area of the drone operation, such as a small non-cooperative paraglider with no engine noise. It may be difficult for a human to accurately identify that and notify the remote pilot-in-command (PIC).
The Solution: AI-powered Detect & Avoid Technology
Detect and avoid (DAA) system enables operators to sense and avoid other aircraft and obstacles autonomously. These systems use sensors, such as radar, acoustic, and visual, to detect and avoid obstacles in the airspace. With DAA technology, drones can operate safely beyond visual line of sight, expanding their range of capabilities and applications.
Types of DAA Systems
There are several types of DAA systems, including radar, acoustic, and optical systems. Each of these systems has its own set of pros and cons, and the choice of system depends on the specific requirements of the drone operation.
Casia G: Iris Automation’s Ground-Based Detect and Alert System
Based on optical vision, Casia G is a ground-based surveillance system from Iris Automation to continuously monitor airspace and ensure UAS operations are safe from intruder aircraft. The sensors employ Iris' patented AI and computer vision technology to provide a full optical, 360° field of view for detecting and alerting to any cooperative or non-cooperative aircraft within a 2 km radius of the sensor's location.
Integration with FlytBase for Safe Remote Drone Operations
By integrating with the Casia G system, the FlytBasedashboard provides real-time data on intrusive aircraft, including type, live telemetry, and location on the map. Remote drone operators can monitor the status and radius of the Casia G sensor and receive immediate alerts if unauthorized aircraft are detected within their operating area.
BVLOS Approvals with Detect and Avoid Systems
The FAA has introduced a smart approach by incorporating "shielding" into their waivers, acknowledging that flying within 50 feet of the ground or a structure is likely safer for other aircraft. To achieve true BVLOS flights, the FAA requires some form of detect and avoid system, whether cooperative or non-cooperative, integrated into the operations.
The Way Ahead
While human visual observers remain important, technological solutions offer scalability and significant advantages. These solutions should be seen as tactical mitigation measures complementing other safety protocols. Cameras, sensors, and advanced safety technologies provide higher accuracy, continuous monitoring, and real-time responses, enhancing the safety of drone operations and opening doors to more advanced applications in the future.
Continued innovation and advancement in DAA technology are going to be essential for handling complex situations effectively and mitigating risks and safely integrating drones into the world’s third dimension.
Conclusion
The future of drone navigation is here, and it's called Detect and Avoid (DAA) systems. These systems, powered by AI and advanced sensor technology, are revolutionizing the way drones operate, especially in BVLOS operations. As we continue to innovate and advance in this field, we can expect to see safer, more efficient, and more scalable drone operations in the near future.
Read the Full Article Here: https://www.flytbase.com/blog/detect-and-avoid-technology
Aerial spreading can protect land and seedlings, and is more and more used in agricultural work such as fertilization,seeding ,feeding etc., efficient and affordable. Based on the EPS200, the EPS200Pro deeply optimizes the stirring plate, turntable, and control Module,etc., better performance, and it can spread smoothly for heavy-duty mixed material operations and wet & sticky materials.
Strong Stirring, Smooth Spreading
The newly upgraded EPS200Pro has metal stirring plate with a wider force area, the stirring plate can uniformly stir wet or blocked material under greater stirring power and separate sticky granules by strong rotation to avoid clogging. Umbrella-shaped metal design is easy to clean and anti-corrosion. Working with 360°adjustable valve, it can spread precisely and smoothly.
Upgrade Turntable, Strong and Durable
The turntable is embedded with metal blades, which is strong, compressive and wear-resistant . Under high-speed rotation, the granules quickly falls and evenly distributed, with an effectively spreading width of 12m. For large area rice sowing, fertilization, slope fertilization can be done easily and quickly.
Wiring Upgrade, Safe and Stable
EPS200Pro thicken cables and pins for enhanced current resistance and easy plug-in. The control module has also been deeply optimized, upgraded the internal motherboard circuit, the maximum power increased to 180w, and the wide voltage range expanded to 24V-80V, which can effectively prevent motherboard damage caused by over-voltage and over-current due to abnormal situations. The sealed waterproof design from the inside out, prolongs the lifespan , ensures the stable and efficient operation in various weather conditions.
Under the CAN control mode, It has speed feedback, valve angle feedback, blocking alarm, valve fault alarm, over-temperature, over-voltage alarm and other fault warning functions , which can real-time monitor the operation status, accurate fault diagnosis, and quick maintenance, thereby extending the product lifespan.
Universal Mounting, Multi-scenario Application
The EPS200Pro continues the tool-free quick release design with a universal interface, which can match with various types of aircraft. It's small and portable, very suitable for outdoor operations. It can sowing 0.5~6mm granules, applies to various scenarios such as grass seeding, fertilization, feeding etc.
Both the EPS200Pro and EPS200 takes modular structure design. EPS 200 can quickly be upgraded by replacing some parts.
All parts can be placed on official store directly:
https://www.aliexpress.com/store/1101835339
1. What parts are needed to assemble an agriculture drone?
To install a final agricultural drone, the following parts are required: drone frame, spreading system, spraying system, motor set, control system, and power system. All of these parts can be purchased separately. Here are some recommended suppliers, such as EFT's drone frame, SIYI's remote controller, JIYI's flight control, TATTU's battery. It is recommended to buy drone parts from Brand and reliable manufacturers, which can ensure the stability of the whole drone and reduce the after-sales cost. The following are all the parts needed for a drone for your reference.
2. What You Need to Know When Select Drone Parts?
①Frame selection. The priority consideration goes to whether to choose a four-axis or six-axis drone frame. Six-axis frame is more stable for large load, while four-axis frame with small size is convenient to transport and suitable for outdoor operation, it is easy for newbie to get started. Drone frames from big-brand manufacturers are highly recommended, which could be more stable and durable.
②Motor set selection. The outer diameter of the frame arm needs to be taken into account when purchasing, the wrong size will cause mismatch. The load also needs to be considered, the heavier the load, the larger the motor required. You can select an integrated motor set directly, or buy motor, Base, and paddles separately because welding them by yourself can be cheaper. If you buy the spare parts separately, please note that the paddles and motors must match the correct CW and CCW code, and each drone must have the same number of CW and CCW.
③Flight control selection. Standard flight control for agriculture drones such as K++ . The open-source flight control requires strong software development skills which is not recommended to beginners.
④Battery selection. There are smart batteries and pouch batteries for drones. The battery must be selected according to the frame to avoid overloading or insufficient power supply. The most common battery on the market is TATTU. The battery interface model and communication protocol also should be cared
Below is a chart of some frames with recommended motor and battery for reference.
3. How to assemble? 2 Tutorial videos for your reference.
Assembly tutorial for 10-20L classic drone frame:
With simple structure and low cost, the classic drone frame with small load has always been a salable frame. It is very suitable for newbie or use in countries with 25kg restrictions. The assembly video below is for reference.
https://youtube.com/embed/r_A6ZNlqfu0
Assembly tutorial for 20L-30L plug-in drone frame
The popular plug-in drones can quickly switch between spraying and spreading. The tank and battery adopt the plug-in installation, which makes plug and unplug easier. For detailed assembly steps, please refer to the video below.
https://youtube.com/embed/iVDzFTXt5P8
Note: For security, it is recommended to finish all installation before inserting battery and powering on. The propellers are suggested to be installed after all debugging has been completed.
TF-Luna can directly be connected with the serial port of Pixhawk. TF-Luna can be used in flight device
for the purpose of altitude holding or obstacle avoidance. This document is suitable to Pixhawk adopts ArduCopter V4.0.0 or higher firmware.
Example for connecting Pixhawk:
Figure 1 Schematic Diagram of Connecting TF-Luna with TELEM 2 Interface (Serial Port 2) of Pixhawk
a)MissionPlanner configuration description of TF-Luna for the purpose of altitude hold
Connect the flight control board to MP.Attention:the installation height should be bigger than non-detection zone.Select [Full Parameter List] in the left from the below bar- [CONFIG/TUNING] . Find and modify the following parameters:
SERIAL2_PROTOCOL = 9 [Rangefinder option]
SERIAL2_BAUD = 115 [Choose the current LiDAR baud rate,if haven’t been changed,the default baud rate 115200 should be selected,that is 115]
RNGFND_TYPE = 20 [Same option with TFmini]
RNGFND_MIN_CM = 20 [It could be changed according to real demands and should be bigger LiDAR than non-detection zone,unit is cm]
RNGFND_MAX_CM = 200 [It could be changed according to real demands but should be smaller than
effective measure range of LiDAR,unit is cm]
RNGFND_GNDCLEAR = 15 [expressed in cm, depending upon mounting height of the module and
should be bigger LiDAR than non-detection zone]
RNGFND_ORIENT=25 [face down]
PRX_TYPE=0
Upon setting of these parameters, click [Write Params] on the right of the software to finish.
If the error message “Bad Lidar Health” appears, please check if the connection is correct and the power supply is normal, then restart Pixhawk.
How to see the altitude value from LiDAR sensor: double click the area of the Mission Planner, see the following picture:
Select option sonarrange,see following picture:
The altitude distance from the LiDAR will be displayed in Sonar Range(meters),see the following picture:
b) MissionPlannerconfiguration description of TF-Luna for the purpose of Obstacle Avoidance
It’s only recommended to be used in Loiter mode, the detail setting is as followings:
Connect the flight control board to MP. Attention:distance between UAV margin and LiDAR should be bigger than LiDAR non-detection zone. Select [Full Parameter List] in the left from the below bar- [CONFIG/TUNING] . Find and modify the following parameters:
AVOID_MARGIN=3 [Unit: m, set obstacle avoidance distance as required]
SERIAL2_PROTOCOL = 9 [Rangefinder option]
SERIAL2_BAUD = 115 [Choose the current LiDAR baud rate,if haven’t been changed,the default baud rate 115200 should be selected,that is 115]
RNGFND_TYPE = 20 [Same option with TFmini]
RNGFND_MIN_CM = 20 [It could be changed according to real demands and should be bigger LiDAR
than non-detection zone,unit is cm]
RNGFND_MAX_CM = 200 [It could be changed according to real demands but should be smaller than effective measure range of LiDAR,unit is cm]
RNGFND_GNDCLEAR = 15 [Unit: cm, depending upon mounting height of the module and should be bigger LiDAR than non-detection zone]
RNGFND_ORIENT=0 [It depends on the LiDAR’s real installation direction,0~7 is supported up to
now,see detail in MP]
PRX_TYPE=4 [RangeFinder should be selected for proximity sensor in obstacle avoidance mode]
Upon setting of these parameters, click [Write Params] on the right of the software to finish.
If the error message “Bad Lidar Health” appears, please check if the connection is correct and the power supply is normal, then restart Pixhawk.
How to see the target distance from the LiDAR:(distance from LiDAR in obstacle avoidance can’t be displayed in sonarrange option )press Ctrl+F button in keyboard,the following window will pop out:
Click button Proximity,the following window will appear:
The number in green color means the distance from LiDAR in obstcle avoidance mode (the number only refresh when this window open,close,zoom in or zoom out,it doesn’t mean the real time distance from LiDAR and will not be influenced in Mission Planner version under v1.3.48,the problem could be solved by updating Mission Planner)
Attach:If TELEM 2 port has been used ,SERIAL4/5 interface could be used,the other setting are same
Figure 2 Schematic Diagram of Connecting TF-Luna with SERIAL4/5 Interface (Serial Port 4/5) of Pixhawk
Configuration Descriptions of Mission Planner
Connect flight control board to MP, Select [Full Parameter List] in the left from the below bar [CONFIG/TUNING] . Find and modify following parameters:
SERIAL4_PROTOCOL = 9 (LiDAR)
SERIAL4_BAUD = 115
Upon setting of these parameters, the other parameters should be same as Mission Planner configuration description of TF-Luna for the purpose of Obstacle Avoidance or Altitude Holding,then click [Write Params] on the right of the software to finish.
T-MOTOR Mystery Box rule:
We will prepare a quadcopter UAV propulsion system in the box, including 4-5 motors, 4-5 ESCs and 2-3 pairs of propellers.
You won't know the products' models in the box, we will only inform the thrust range and prop size.
If you are a drone DIY adventurer, if you want to buy T-MOTOR propulsion system at the lowest price, then do not miss this chance! The official link will release on the 1st of Aug.
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Who has to use Direct / Broadcast Remote ID?
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