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RE: The Long Tail as applied to Atoms (the new bytes)

Struck as I was by Chris's report in The Long Tail that sales of obscure items were outpacing sales of "hits", it seems trivial to conclude that economic growth - should we be so lucky - would not only come from "small business" generally, but from products for small markets in particular. While the the Long Tail explanation - that distribution and advertising costs are low - holds for bytes (songs, software, "apps", search, etc. . .) My question is whether this trend holds for Atoms, specifically small electronics like Ardupilot.

I'm wondering if Chris's research for the Long Tail was able to quantify the effect of fixed regulatory costs, like the FCC, the FDA, and related bureaucracies which are burdensome for large manufacturers, but completely crushing for products at the end of the tail. If the only way to avoid regulation is to deliver intentionally defective products (the Japanese have a legend of a painter so great, his painted birds would spring to life and fly off the page, and to this day, Japanese painters show homage by leaving their paintings a few strokes incomplete) - In a sense, we, at the long tail are required to ship products, like Japanese painters, as incomplete, unworking, experimental etc. . . , or face say a one million dollar fine like the FCC levied on Behringer even though their audio equipment was in full compliance and tested in Europe.

I know first hand that some successful electronic houses will simply not produce finished consumer goods due to the burden and risk of regulation - but what I don't know is how many potential atom making products and their associated jobs are lost at the long end of the tail?




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Day 1: the Noomie [read "New Me"] LOL

Ok, SO...Thanks to Gary for flipping the switch in my slogging grey matter...

All future Blog Posts will be about my search and acquisition of a trainer that is suitable for me. There will be no questions (from me) here...

I'm off to the forums now...

Day 1
Done

Ron

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Starting over...maybe.

I have stopped my Predator build and sold most of my gear, for now. Doing more research and looking to get a good basic trainer (.40 or .60 class) not sure if it will be nitro or electric yet. A 2.4 gHz radio system. And put in some simple build time and then get experience flying.

The Predator became a stalled frustrating build because I was trying too much at once, without any experience to back myself up.

I hope to get a system with at least a remote activated camera in the next 6-8 months.

Anybody have ideas on a really good .40 or .60 trainer and radio system? I am not at all interested in aerobatics, so a sedate stable flier is all I need.

Ron
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Podcast Episode 17 - Curtis Olson on simulators

iTunes links
AAC: http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=330632997
MP3: http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=330633212

RSS feed
AAC: http://feeds.feedburner.com/diydrones
MP3: http://feeds.feedburner.com/diydronesmp3

Curtis explains some of the many uses of simulators including how a closed loop hardware-in-the-loop system works.

Curtis' profile on DIY Drones: http://diydrones.com/profile/CurtOlson

Flight Gear: http://www.flightgear.org/

Airframe modeling webpage mentioned during the show: http://jsbsim.sourceforge.net/aeromatic.html

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Moderator

FY3ZT.jpg


Thread happening at RCG http://www.rcgroups.com/forums/showthread.php?t=1198153


I wonder what exactly it is.


http://www.feiyudz.cn/en/Products/2009/12/08/92/


As Chris says, looks a bit like that Thai one, would there be any ground in doing a Chinese job in reverse and getting some and finding a better way of using them?? Maybe they are perfect??


This one does not have the pots for gains, but maybe its from the same place.


Detailed Product Description


Features

·Itegrated GPS receiver, three-axis MEMS gyroscope, pressure altimeter.

·16-channel GPS receiver, 4Hz output, 35 seconds fast positioning time and accuracy of 2.5 meters CEP.

·33HZ attitude inner loop control, 4HZ outer navigation controls.

·Mltiple-channel hybrid control output can be easily adjust the mixture control. Ajust neutral position just in time

·Three control modes: augmentation remote control, smart remote control and automatic navigation control.

·Three kinds of automatic navigation control modes: fixed flight mode, the mouse pointing flight patterns and route navigation mode.

·The ground station contains electronic map function software that can change the route and tasks online, real-time semi-autonomous remote control and can be real-time flight data recording and offline playback.

·Automatic and manual remote control integration, higher reliability and practicality, can compatible with all common facilities of RC remote control, and improve the fuction of servo output checking and remote protection.

·Available online to adjust and save all the control parameters, with stand-alone parameter adjustment software which is easy to use.

·Real-time telemetry flight data and records all telemetry data.

·Contains the control voltage monitoring, electric aircraft power voltage monitoring, GPS accuracy of detection, autopilot temperature detection and so on.

·Support RS-232 interface levels.

·Volume is 100 × 43 × 25mm, weight is 75 grams, power is .

Application

·Automatic navigate and pilot small and medium aircraft of non-layout form such as Regular, V tail, lifting flaps, ailerons and others.

·A variety of automatic navigation and driving.

·High-precision real-time data acquisition, image location of synchronization in the process of flying.

Technology Specifications

All refering value is at room temperature 25


http://glxinying.en.alibaba.com/productshowimg/283638321-209605532/XY_3_Autopilot.html


Some interesting looking airframes as well, some new and some we have seen before.


Surveyor_18F_UAV.jpg.html

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Developer

Ardupilot 2.5 Final

Hi Everyone,
I just finished polishing Ardupilot_25.zip. The Manual will be finished this week.

I'm sure there will be a few setups that have issues, so be sure to check out the test suite which isolates each sub-system for testing. If you have any issues use this blog to post them. What's most important is that you include a log file of your issue enclosed with your comment, as well as a copy of your header file and notes about your radio and receiver.

By default the control switches are not set to Autopilot. This was intentional. I don't want people to start flying it right away without fully ground testing their setup. My suggestion is to get Stabilization working first, then move up to Fly-By-Wire. Once you can fly the plane in FBW mode, then try Autopilot.

I've also updated the GPS debug mode which is now simply GPS_PROTOCOL 5 (instructions are in the header file). Everything about the plane will behave normally, except Autopilot mode will cause the plane to think it's flying your waypoints. Ardupilot will output telemetry and indicate when it thinks it has reached each WP. You can control the speed of the simulation with the throttle control.

Good luck!
Jason
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3D Robotics
Free video streaming by Ustream

Tonight we'll do podcast #17, which everyone here is welcome to participate in by listening to the chat live above and commenting and asking questions via the DIY Drones chat function. We'll be starting at 9:00 PM PST and will probably go about 40 minutes.

This week we'll by joined by Curt Olson, the leader of the Flight Gear project and an expert in UAVs and simulation. We last interviewed him a couple years ago (you can read that series starting here), so we'll hear about what's new in the world of hardware-in-the-loop simulations and his own UAV work.

As always you can subscribe to the podcast here. Tonight's livecast will be recorded and available as a podcast by Tues of the next week.
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3D Robotics

Top Five UAV N00b Questions (and answers)

Having run this site for a few years now, I'm all too expert on the first reaction of newbies. Some of them I understand, some continue to mystify me. Here are the top five:

1) I want a helicopter to fly by itself! Can you help? We get this one daily. I don't really understand why. Perhaps it's because helis are so hard to fly manually? At any rate, most of these folks don't stay long. As the regulars here know, helis are the hardest autonomy challenge there is, between vibration, lack of forward motion for GPS yaw correction and generally fiddlyness. It sounds easy ("can't I just use a gyro or something?"), perhaps because heading-hold gyros are so common in RC helis, but it's not.

2) Where can I buy a UAV ready to go? Do you have one for less than $100? This is pretty understandable, and maybe someday you will be able to buy UAVs at Target. But not yet. And this is, after all, DIY Drones.

3) I've got a tilt sensor/heli gyro/Wii controller/iPhone. Can it fly a plane? This is the reason we have the FAQ about the need to fuse data from three gyros and three accelerometers to create a full attitude solution right on the front page. Again, unless you know about gyro drift and accelerometer noise, you don't understand the need for both. Hopefully a little reading here will help explain all.

4) I want 2 build a UAV drone! Can u help me please sir! Sigh. This is invariably from college students from a certain country I won't name. No, we won't do your homework for you. Please do us the favor of reading the information on this site for just a minute before you ask people to repeat what's already here.

5) How do I do [X]? (where X is something linked right on the front page). This is probably our fault as much as newcomers', but there is an incredible volume of information on this site if people would take the trouble to look for it. We've tried to anticipate most needs with tabs, a search box, forums organized by categories and a newbie guide ("I'm new to this. Where do I start?") right at the top of the front page. As we move the documentation to the Google Code wikis, we'll have even more organizational features at our disposal. I suspect this is a job that's never done, but if you all have any suggestions on how to do it better, please leave them in the comments.
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GUI for tuning Kalman Filter



Fine tuning of our Kalman IMUs is one of the most important step to be done in order to get the IMU ready to fly.
And a good tuning begins from "the table"...

Since one month I created a small application, written in java, multi-os, open-source, ready-to-use intended for studying, tuning, debugging your kalman application without any particular need.
It is able to getdatas from the serial port (incoming data from the micro) and visualize
them on two separately artificial horizon displays.

I put my effort in creating an application platform independent since the linux and OS X community are getting bigger and bigger.

New version: Artificial Horizon AH-3+ (graphic improved!)
Download the tar archive containing the application directly from here:

ArtificialHorizon AH-3+

untar it and double click for launching the application or much better open a console or a prompt in win and digit:

$java - jar <file_name>.jar

You get messages on the background helpful for "debugging" porpouses.


Only 2 steps must be taken in advance to get it working with your system:
  • Install and configure at least Jave Runtime Environment JRE 6, available for download on Sun's site.
    After installation configure your environment path variables, this is even important in windows;
  • This program does use the RXTX package to deal with the serial port on your system.
    The library is an open-source project available at: http://www.rxtx.org it supports 32 different platforms. No need to be installed, open the binary package and copy the library into your java folder according to the instruction here: http://rxtx.qbang.org/wiki/index.php/Installation;

[Warning
: be aware that the application will fail or crashes in case it doesn't recognize the RXTX installed on your system. I strongly suggest to test the rxtx library after installation running one of the program available in this link: http://rxtx.qbang.org/wiki/index.php/Using_RXTX
Doing so your are sure the library is running along your JRE and prevent the application to frezz or crash]

---------
Usage
---------
The usage is really simple, select your baudrate, serial port and click on Open Serial to start getting incoming data from your microcontroller :)
As soon new data are available, they will be displayed on the screen moving your the artificial horizon up-downwards, bank left, right...(I 3th axis will be added soon for yaw :) )

The only thing you must be aware is how to send data from your micro.
Those are collected at your serial port following a simple packet protocol (I wanted to keep it as shortest as possible and easy, since serial communications can take much resources from our micros).

Somewhere in your code or firmware put an output routine able to send one string accordingly to this rule:

<angle_value><type_info> (followed by the carriage and return)

where:
<angle_value> is whatever number in DEGREES along any axis
<type_info> specific information whether the previus angle number refers to pitch, roll, yaw and whether it is filtered (processed by your Kalman filter) or is a pure angle (the "reading" by your sensors)

<type_info> can only contain those string informations:
kp : pitch angle computed by your Kalman algorithm;
kr : roll angle computed by your Kalman algorithm;
pp : pitch angle, pure data, directly from your sensors;
rr : roll angle, pure data, directly from your sensors;

Here same examples to figure out how datas are sent by the microcontroller:
34kp 34 degrees filterd by Kalman, pitch
-23rr -23 degrees not filtered, readed directly from the sensors
178pp 178 degrees pure pitch, not filtered
-1kr -1 degree along roll axis, filtered

You can find further info on how to write your firmware in the README file in the archive.

That's all...I wish this application can help you in understanding what's going on in your application and let your drone to start with a fiiiiiine tuned IMU :) :) :)

Enjoy!
Dave

PS: for any problem let me know ;)

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Helicopter Based UAV

Hi guyz I am new to UAV development. I am starting to build a 6 Channels RC Helicopter Based UAV.
I have this 6 channel RC Helicopter that I purchased from www.bananahobby.com

1.jpg


I m totally new to UAV developement. So can anybody lead me what components I would to require to make it UAV. This helicopter has radio range of 1 KM. My requirement is UPLINK-Downlink Range 5KM. A camera with OSD. Can upload way point during mission.( One Important thing I am working to convert it into solar power.)
Can send the live videos of the area up to 5KM. Can take the pictures of the designated area upon ground station request. I also has GSM+GPS+GPRS personal tracker. Can I use this tracker to track the helicopter.
Please assist me what the hardware I must have to convert it into a UAV.

Thanks alot for your replies


Ahmad Usman
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Admin

Can this fly with any DOF or AP or gyros

Hi guys ,
saw this guy while grazing in the google land ,, his motivation and deication apart , I wonder what would he do or build if he ever lay his hands on diy APs or even couple of gyros or DOF!!!

chinesehomemadehelicopter.jpg


I don't whether his gov trusted him or his intentions or his heli but the kids around sure do by looks of it :))
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was browsing the net today and came across this!

WOW i think its amazing what horizon has done!

take a look at the stuff on the their site too. amazing!



Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies latest hydrogen fuel cell release is designed as a drop-in replacement for battery packs used in small electric Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). Weighing 4.4lbs (2kg) and storing 900Wh of usable electric energy, the Aeropak can to increase flight endurance by up to 300% over lithium batteries, meaning longer range missions and more energy to run on-board cameras and sensors.

Designed for high-impact and able to operate at up to 22,000 feet (6700m), this miniaturized power system uses refillable dry-fuel cartridges and is scalable (up to "several kilowatts") and customizable to suit different unmanned platforms. The drop-in design should also make modifications unnecessary.

Apart from enabling flights to go further and last longer and the ability to run more power-hungry devices, the Aeropak offers a very low heat signature and and silent, reliable power. Other applications are likely to include powering remote ground systems and as emergency power back-up for larger systems.

Perhaps best known to Gizmag for the fuel-cell powered H-Racer RC car and for its involvement in the radical Hyfish jet-wing aircraft project in 2007 Horizon supplied a hydrogen fuel cell that helped the Pterosoar micro-UAV set new distance records for aircraft of its type.

AeroVironment has achieved also achieved success by marrying fuel cell technology to the UAV platform, setting a new long-duration flight record of over nine-hours with fuel cell hybrid-powered Puma UAS.


here's the origional link: http://www.gizmag.com/horizon-fuel-cell-unmanned-aircraft/11913/

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RADIOS, MAGNETS & MONOCOPTER ATTITUDE ESTIMATION

Radios were 1 incremental step after another.

USB cable hacking went a long way. Having the USB cable tied in a knot directly over the antenna jammed it. The cable was shielded but probably leaked high frequency energy from Vbus.



Next came moving the antenna outside the remote control. It seems to do better outside the case.



Antenna inside case sucked.





Antenna routed outside case.



Transmitter soldering job.

Next, converted all the receiver antennas to loops. The TRC101 datasheet prefers loops above all others. They're robust enough for 1 radio to transmit on top of a receiver.



The biggest gain came from separating the RF components from the Earth.



Hanging the transmitter in a tree was optimum. Putting it on a tripod was 2nd. The tree hanging was what did it for the 1st boards & it gives the same results with new boards.



The receiving end testing different ground stations.

In summary, we now have

AFC of +15/-15 Fres
receive bandwitdh 400kHz
transmit bandwidth 165khz. It won't work any higher.
86206 baud
loop antennas for everything, isolated from USB cables


The Marcy 1's just don't have as much power as 72Mhz & XBees. 72Mhz with good antennas used to go 600ft easily. If buying replacement 72Mhz antennas, GWS Pico receivers, & crystals isn't your thing, consider tethering manual override to the ground station.

FLIGHT TESTS CONTINUE



Hand launches don't work. Marcy 1 is too unstable. Threw her in the air & she spun vertically until smashing into the ground. Don't tell Major Marcy about this.



A few autopilot flights with automatic takeoff showed Marcy 1 can take off & stay inside a cloud over the sonar but needs attitude sensing to get the precision hovering of a human pilot. A human making constant cyclic inputs can keep her very precisely in position. She's not statically stable enough to hover without feedback.

Faster RPM would make her more stable but that defeats the purpose of the Marcy 1 development program. She's supposed to extend flight time by using slow RPM & throttle pulsing won't work if the RPM is too high.

A magnetometer on the equator can sense pitch easily but not roll. In Calif*, it can sense pitch & roll but only pitch shows up on monocopters. Roll may change the azimuth result.



That leaves 1 thermopile taking 4 readings per revolution, eliminating indoor use. Marcy 1 can be used as a testbed with thermopiles but would have to be rebuilt using a 4' wing, GPS, & barometer for outdoor use.



VIKA 1 RIDES AGAIN


Finally had some Vika 1 flights with the Marcy 1 radios for manual override. Made a mosaic from the 86kbit UARTCAM. The Marcy 1 radios are only reliable enough really close to the ground station, so you're basically tethered.







The only heroines near Silicon Valley are the ones brought in with marriages, so Valentine's day for men is a flying day. We went above the Major Marcy dishes. They moved, probably to support Haiti operations. Drones in the middle east use uplinks in Germany. Drones in Haiti would use uplinks in Mexico or maybe even these particular dishes.



Surprisingly tight position for a 3 DOF IMU. Position gets sloppy if there's a lot of horizontal motion. 7 months & we've never seen Her in real life & probably never will.





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Shmoocon Talk

Two weeks ago I was invited to give at talk at a security conference in Washington DC called Shmoocon. My talk was titled "Build your own Predator UAV @ 99.95% Discount" and was intended to generate interest and expose the information assurance/security community to the fantastic work being done here at DIYDrones.com and elsewhere with amateur UAVs. I demoed my build of the ArduPilot system and brushed through the project briefly. The talk was well received and I hope you all enjoy.

A big thanks to Jordi, Chris, and all the other developers and testers who are pushing the envelope. I hope you find that the talk generated a lot of interest into the field!

Presentation Files Located Here
Talk Video Located Here

(Talk starts at time 1:15)
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Developer

New ArduIMU+ Firmware & Ground Station revision


Hello dear community! I'm pleased to announce a new polished version of the ArduIMU+ Ground Station based on LabView and firmware.

Whats new on the GS:
-Better Look.
-Simple, lightweight, functional and funny virtual horizon (VHLOL).
-Number of satellites used indicator for the GPS.
-Three needle altimeter (in meters).
-Vertical Speed (m/s).
-Compass indicator.
-And more but i don't remember.

What's new on the Firmware:
-Few bugs solved. (Thanks to Doug Weibel and Jose Julio)
-Now supports uBlox NAV-SOL data stream (needed for SVNumber and Vertical Speed).
-Compatible with the new GS.
-Coming soon: magnetometer support.

Note: You need to reconfigure your Ublox GPS in order to enable the NAV-SOL data stream, you can also disable NAV-STATUS because is not needed anymore. If you can't reconfigure your GPS don't worry you can still use the Ground station and the firmware but the vertical speed and the satellites indicator will not work.

Exanple of how ArduPilot uBlox configuration used to be or V1:
-NAV-POSLLH
-NAV-VELNED
-NAV-STATUS

Exanple of how ArduPilot uBlox configuration V2 is:
-NAV-POSLLH
-NAV-VELNED
-NAV-SOL

Note that ArduPilot Code V2.5 and up will also support configuration V2, but you can still use ArduPIlot uBlox Configuration V1, no problem.

ArduPilot Mega will support uBlox configuration V2 only. So you better switch soon. All brand new ArduPilot Ready uBlox modules from the DIYdrones store will have configuration V2 from now.

Because i would like to help everybody switch to V2, If you can't reconfigure your uBlox GPS by yourself i can do it for you (free), you only need to pay for shipping (less than $15 for a round trip with insurance). I also need the email address you used to buy the uBlox GPS from DIYdrones store (Just to verify you buy it from me) and the unit has to be shipped to the same address used when you bought unit. If you got you unit from somebody else i will charge a $5 dlls fee for the service. Please PM me for more information.

If somebody outside the US, would like to help a community member from you area, please leave a comment plus your requirements. If somebody near you contact me i will forward him to you.

All the files including LabView source and ArduIMU+ firmware can be downloaded from here and from the repertory as well.

Best Regards.
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T3

Programmers for the UAV DevBoard

redboard.jpg

UAV DevBoard pilots:

SparkFun is out of stock for both their Olimex ICD2s, which is what I've been recommending to program the UAV DevBoard, as well as their Olimex PICPOCKET, which I do not have enough information right now to provide any recommendations one way or another. SparkFun is discontinuing the ICD2, it is their intent to sell the PICPOCKET instead. Those are out of stock right now. As soon as they get some in, they told me they will test a few with the UAV DevBoard to assure compatibility.

In the meantime, there are 4 programmers that I can recommend, that you can buy from Microchip.

ICD2 - Its around $200. I have used it, it works fine. You will need to buy either an adapter from SparkFun or an adapter from Microchip to go from the RJ11 connector on the ICD2, to the ICSP connector on the DevBoard. Microchip discourages you from buying the ICD2, because they are phasing it out, but it works just fine.

ICD3 - Similar to ICD2. Its also around $200. Its the newer version of the ICD2. I have also used it, it works fine. You will need to buy either an adapter from SparkFun or an adapter from Microchip to go from the RJ11 connector on the ICD2, to the ICSP connector on the DevBoard.

PICkit3 - Its around $45. I have not used it. I have heard of some complaints, but there are reports that it works ok with the UAV DevBoard. It has an ICSP connector, and you can plug it directly into the DevBoard. There are various packages that Microchip offers that include the PICkit3, including a "PICkit3 Debug Express" for $70, but all you need is the "PICkit3 only" package.

PICkit2 - Its around $35. I have used it, it works ok. It has an ICSP connector, and you can plug it directly into the DevBoard. Microchip discourages you from buying this one, because they are discontinuing it, but it works just fine. Really, its the best one to go with.

Here is a link to the information on Microchip's website. If you buy any of their programmers, go with just the bare bones programmer. They offer other packages with various accessories, but all you need is a programmer.

Best regards,

Bill Premerlani

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Neurofuzzy helicopter problems

In my last post, i had vibration issues, remember??

So, what did i do to resolve that??

- First, we design a better place for the sensor to be, it uses elastic bands, that improve a lot the readings, but we still had glitches on the angles.

- We change from DCM to Kalman, because the performance of Kalman was better, and faster.

- We use a second filter, we implement a simple digital low-pass filter just after the analog readings, it help us to smooth the sensor jitter.


With this 3 upgrades, the angles were pretty acceptable even in max acceleration, ill post a video in a while.

Now i have a new problem...

I was using the training blades, that reduces power by 30%, and i was needing all the power, so, i change them to the good o normal blades, and i did a flight to test them, the results were bad, the helicopter was uncontrollable, very unstable and veryyyyyy difficult to hover.

I proceed to balance the blades, i follow the instructions from this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RMer3jIm9pA

We manage to balance "correctly" the blades, so i proceed to test again.

The same result....

And a curious data about this issue is that the motor and the battery were very hot after the test flights, veryyy hot, and thats very strange, it never happen with the training blades, i presume that the motor is requiring to much current, and the battery is getting hot because of that, so i think something is wrong with my heli, but i don't really know whats the problem...

I know that i have to make a tracking balance of my blades, but i don't really know how to do it...

Anyone has an idea??



In this picture we see a NI acquisition usb card, that helps us to find the spectrum of the frequency, for finding the correct parameters for the digital filter.

In control news, we are currently designing the neurofuzzy control, and it will take a couple of more days, its a easy task, because we have nice knowledge in that subject, ill post somethig about that later.

But im very stress because i cant make flight tests!!! hahahaha

Thanks!!

Cheers!!!
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Complementary filter demo





This is a demonstration of complementary filters on pitch and roll attitude using 3gyroscopes and 3 accelerometers running on a custom Quadrotor controller board. Filters are coded in Python on the laptop with VPython rendering of spinning 3D cubes. Sensor processing code is running on the ATMega644p-based controller and is written in C. For Python code, see: http://www.rcgroups.com/forums/showpo... For details on the custom Quadrotor sensor board, look here: http://sites.google.com/site/pushpakq...

I know its not as impressive as DCM, but you have to start somewhere :-)

(Inspired by Brian Wolfe's demo- http://www.diydrones.com/video/pic32-autopilot-attitude)

- Roy
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